The dark green leaves evolve through red and orange colors before becoming purple in the fall. Their white blossoms appear in the spring, while the red berries appear in the fall. Dogwood berries also come in white, blue and pale yellow round or oval forms. 5. However, growing in ideal conditions, kousa dogwoods can reach up to 30 ft. (9 m). The Cornelian cherry dogwood is a medium sized deciduous landscaping tree. The popular kousa dogwood is a small deciduous tree with spectacular white blossoms, globose pink to red berries, and a vase-shaped crown. It looks delightful interplanted with other types of red twig dogwood with different stem colors, but is especially demanding of consistently damp conditions to ensure good growth. Canadian Bunchberry/Dwarf Dogwood (Cornus Canadensis) In the fall, they turn shades of green and yellow with red and purple patches. Cornelian Cherry Dogwood 5. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. The branches form in layers and the crown is flat, suggestive of a pagoda. There are 17 types of species of dogwood trees out there and we will cover them all in this section. Many gardeners consider flowering dogwood as one of the most spectacular landscaping trees. Dogwood trees should be pruned with a sterile garden cutting tool once a year either in the late fall, winter, or very early spring (March) when a flowering dogwood tree is dormant. Of all the varieties of dogwood, gardeners are most familiar with the flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). Dogwood berries, with their high mineral concentration, are also great restoratives. Of the 17 species of dogwood native to North America, the four most common garden types are native flowering dogwoods, Pacific dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and kousa dogwoods. 1. The flowers are quite showy, typically spanning up to 4 inches across. Please read on to find out more about these beautiful flowering trees. This tree retains interest throughout every season, with the leaves taking on a deep purple shade by fall. The fruit stalks remain and turn an attractive red. These include the species, their growth patterns, and some tips on the environments they prefer. Thornless Trees. Plant where dramatic red stems can easily be viewed from a window! Young versions of this plant may also sport appealing red stems, but this usually fades to a dull green when the plant matures. @2020 - All Right Reserved. This attractive smooth bark gives mature trees a camouflage look. This plant features snow-white blooms in spring, bluish-black fruit in the summer, and dark green foliage. They mature to about 30 feet tall x 30 feet wide (their width and height are roughly equal at maturity) once they reach 20-30 years old. North Carolina State Extension. The rough upper leaf surfaces and white fruit make it easy to identify rough-leaf dogwood. Flowering dogwoods have tremendous ornamental appeal in garden landscapes. Roughleaf Dogwood 14. This plant is one of the few dogwoods that feature foliage that is arranged alternately rather than in opposing positions on the stems. The bracts are two to three inches across . The ball-shaped fruits dangle at the end of a long, slender petiole. Variegated Red Twig Dogwood Cornus alba 'argenteomarginata', Zones 3 to 7 There's a lot to love about dogwood, especially the variegated types. Each of these dogwood species may be available in different cultivars that offer unique features, such as a dwarf size, variegated leaf color, or unusual bark or stem color. By contrast, the Flowering dogwood produces berries that are devoured by birds, but they are known to be mildly poisonous to humans. Dogwood Berries - Cornus Kousa - YouTube The fruit of the Korean Dogwood - Cornus Kousa - is edible! The trees do best in full sun to part shade and while they do well in a variety of soils, they prefer fertile, well-draining soil with a pH of 5.5-7.5. The flowering Dogwood, along with the Pacific dogwood, is prone to dogwood anthracnose. Different dogwood species also have different fruits that can be used to help identify the species. The mature tree can grow up to 30 feet in height and width, with oval leaves that taper to a point about 4 inches long. Like the flowering Dogwood, it is one of the most popularly grown varieties. In early summer, creamy white flowers arrive, which give way to fleshy red fruits which resemble strawberries. Cherry can be used in jellies, jams, syrups, pies, and wines because they taste like tart cherries. The rough leaf dogwood gets its name because of the coarse hairs found on the foliage. Dogwoods usually don't do well in extreme heat or dry conditions. The oval leaves are about 4 inches long, and the fruits turn cherry red in mid-summer. Common names: Evergreen Dogwood, Himalayan Dogwood, Himalayan Strawberry Tree, Common names: Flowering Dogwood, Common White Dogwood, Common names: Mountain Dogwood, Pacific Dogwood, Pacific Flowering Dogwood. Often referred to as northern swamp dogwood, the gray Dogwood is a deciduous shrub native to the eastern parts of North America, including Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Canada. Dogwood berries are not toxic when eaten, but there have been reports of rashes after skin contact with the tree. A member of the Swida subspecies, the fruit of this dogwood shrub is not toxic but has an unpleasant taste. Commonly referred to as evergreen dogwood, Bethams cornel, and Himalayan strawberry tree, the Himalayan Dogwood is native to woodland areas throughout Asia and parts of Australia. Edible dogwood berries variants include Kousa, Canadian Bunchberry, and Cornelian Cherry. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. Cornus alternifolia: Pagoda Dogwood Small tree that grows with a tiered habit like a pagoda. Finally, the trees have white flowers and deep green lanceolate leaves turning red in the fall. With the dawn of spring comes sunshine, the return of birds chirping in the warm breeze, and new growth everywhere. The flaky scales on the dogwood bark are revealed when the bark exfoliates, leaving pale brown patches underneath. This may be a tree to avoid planting near the sidewalk or porch. Find out about the different kinds of dogwood trees in this article. This dogwood species is identified by its yellow, four-petalled flowers growing in dense clusters, shiny, oblong red fruits, and large leaves growing oppositely on branches. The Spruce uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. In the past, traditional medicine prescribed dogwood berries as a natural diabetic and antihistamine agent, although these claims have never been verified. In contrast, the flowering dogwood berries have a woody growth on one end. Dogwood trees and shrubs (Cornus spp.) To enhance the appearance of the bark, lower branches should be trimmed away frequently. It is native to the eastern and southeastern United States. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. It earned its name from the gray hue of its leaves, although they typically feature other colors. This plant also features attractive red twigs, which turn gray with age. The scarlet red, waxy-looking berries are oblong in shape and displayed in clusters of three to six berries. Kousa dogwood is a relatively slow-growing tree that increases in height between 12 and 24 (30 60 cm) annually. Scale insects and dogwood borers are the most common insect pests affecting dogwoods. Accept Read the Privacy Policy, 5 Best Olive Oils According to Consumer Reports, Is Cream and Sugar in Coffee Really That, The Truth About Decaf Espresso: Is There Really, A Pregnant Womans Guide to Starbucks: What to, How Much Caffeine is in a Starbucks Cold, Starbucks Pregnancy-Friendly Drinks: A Comprehensive Guide, Soundproof Window Curtains: A Versatile Solution for a, 5 Best Air Mattresses According to Consumer Reports, Cleaning Your Tankless Water Heater: Vinegar vs. Chemical, 5 Best Automatic Toilet Bowl Cleaners According to, Keep Your City Plumbing Healthy with Rid-Xs Natural, 5 Best Portable Induction Cooktops According to Consumer, 5 Best Indoor Smokeless Grills According to Consumer, Top 5 Best Steak Knife Sets According to, Top 5 Best Knife Sharpeners According to Consumer, 5 Best Bread Making Machines According to Consumer, What Peanut Butter Has No Sugar: 3 Top Brands, Salad Cream Vs. Ranch: Whats The Difference, Can You Drink Coffee After Eating Avocado. Cultivars and Varieties: Cornus alba 'Sibirica'-Siberian Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Kesselringii'-Black Stem Dogwood, Cornus alba 'Elegantissima'-White Dogwood This type of dogwood is highly ornamental, making a colorful display that changes with the seasons. For example, the beautiful kousa dogwood tree is a bit high-maintenance thanks to the necessary clean-up of its falling fruits. Dogwood trees are a type of deciduous flowering tree which produce berries that are notoriously popular as a food source for birds. The rough leaf dogwood produces flat-topped clusters of cream-colored flowers in the spring. Each year, the gray Dogwood will have a fresh, new orange-brown bark. Bright yellow colors appear in late winter or early spring, followed by densely growing green foliage, then clusters of small red cherry-like drupes. Dogwood trees are slow-growing plants. In the fall, a magnificent whitish tint appears on the rough leaf dogwood berries after it begins as a greenish color in August. It produces an abundant display of yellowish-green flowers in spring and pinkish-red berries in summer. The plant generally does best in moist conditions but can also have excellent tolerance for drier conditions once established. The latter two are introduced species that have earned a place in American gardens because they are more disease resistant than native species. There are many types of poisonous berries in North America, and some of them look similar to edible berries. They will also consume other types of fruit including grapes, cherries, mulberries, and blueberries; however, their diet consists mostly of insects during breeding season. The tree is sometimes called the Himalayan Strawberry Tree due to the fact that the berries look so much like strawberries but with a more round shape. Stiff Dogwood 17. Avoid foraging or consuming any dogwood berries unless you are certain they are suitable for human consumption. It is a small tree, growing to around 20 feet tall, that sheds every year and has pink, white, red flowers. You can use dogwood seed to propagate new trees by soaking them and cold-stratifying them for 60 to 90 days. This variety of dogwood grows to 10 feet (3 m.) tall and offers small yellow flowers in spring. Determine a location for the dogwood based on the variety you choose and what lighting it prefers. In August, the flowers transform into toxic blue-black berries. Those in full sun are shorter with better leaf color, especially in the fall. Copyright 2023. Flowering dogwood has the showiest blooms with large star-shaped white blossoms. Cornus trees are perfect specimens for a small garden. However, more significant amounts of dogwood berries can cause vomiting issues . Between March and May, the dogwood trees are in full bloom. Native to eastern Asia, the kousa dogwood also goes by the names Chinese dogwood, Korean dogwood, and Japanese dogwood. You should also clear fallen leaves from around the trunk since the plant can get fungus. Read our. The flowers give way to bright red fruits, which will remain on the tree until fall unless they are eaten by hungry birds. Popescu, I., et al. The tree is identified by its vase habit that becomes rounded with age. Its flowers feature large bracts, a trait that other species of dogwoods may or may not have. Monrovia describes the aurora dogwood (Cornus x Rutban) as having creamy white blossoms with a silky feel. This is because it is visually similar to the Flowering dogwood and requires similar growing conditions. Flowering dogwood as one of the coarse hairs found on the variety you choose and what lighting it prefers birds! Are a type of deciduous flowering tree which produce berries that are devoured by birds, but have! 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