how many people died in the holocaust

The killing continued until the end of World War II in Europe in May 1945. [9] Peter Hayes writes that the persecution of these groups was less uniform than that of the Jews. According to Dan Stone, only nine survived the war. Germany proper, including the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, will have to be handled first due to the housing problem and additional social and political necessities. [379] One in three Jews in Poland were already dead, he estimated, from a population of 3,130,000. All Jews must be shot. WebDuring The Holocaust, millionsof people died or were killed in Nazi Germany. WebHolocaust, Hebrew Shoah (Catastrophe), Yiddish and Hebrew urban (Destruction), the systematic state-sponsored killing of six million Jewish men, women, and children and [214][215] The Germans used the ravine for mass killings throughout the war; up to 100,000 may have been killed there. By 1945, most European Jewstwo out of every threehad been killed. Germany implemented the persecution in stages. [132] These orders included, from 1942, facilitating deportations to extermination camps. [46][j], Throughout the Middle Ages in Europe, Jews were subjected to antisemitism based on Christian theology, which blamed them for killing Jesus. Germany had a policy of forced confiscation of food that resulted in famine deaths of an estimated 6% of the population, or 4.1million. [397] From January to April 1945, the SS sent inmates westward on death marches to camps in Germany and Austria. Civilians killed in reprisals during the Soviet partisan war account for a major portion. [234] Prisoners wore colored triangles on their uniforms, the color denoting the reason for their incarceration. After Belgium's surrender, the country was ruled by a German military governor, Alexander von Falkenhausen, who enacted anti-Jewish measures against its 90,000 Jews, many of them refugees from Germany or Eastern Europe. [42] The experiments, which took place at Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Natzweiler-Struthof, Neuengamme, Ravensbrck, and Sachsenhausen, sought to uncover strategies to counteract chemical weapons, survive harsh environments, develop new vaccines and drugs and treat wounds. Some went by truck or wagons; others were marched the entire distance. [256] It annexed Thrace and Macedonia, and in February 1943 agreed to a demand from Germany that it deport 20,000 Jews to the Treblinka extermination camp. [268] Around 8,500 Jews were deported in all. [317] Apparently, as with the mass shootings, the vans caused emotional problems for the operators, and the small number of victims the vans could handle made them ineffective. [419] According to Yad Vashem, "[a]ll the serious research" confirms that between five and six million Jews were murdered. [8], The logistics of the mass murder turned Germany into what Michael Berenbaum called a "genocidal state". The best known is the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in April 1943, when the Germans arrived to send the remaining inhabitants to extermination camps. The latter two groups were to be sent to concentration camps for "re-education", with the aim of eventual absorption into the Volksgemeinschaft. (See the experience of history.). By 1944 the Soviet death toll was at least 20million.[201]. WebHow the Holocaust happened in plain sight Six million Jews were murdered between 1933 and 1945. "[274] In the view of Christian Gerlach, Hitler "announced his decision in principle" to annihilate the Jews on or around 12 December 1941, one day after his declaration of war. [454] Nacht und Nebel ("Night and Fog"), a directive issued by Hitler on 7 December 1941, resulted in the disappearance, torture and death of political activists throughout German-occupied Europe; the courts had sentenced 1,793 people to death by April 1944, according to Jack Fischel. A decree on 12 November 1938 barred Jews from most remaining occupations. [362] One of the famous Jewish groups was the Bielski partisans in Belarus, led by the Bielski brothers. WebIt is estimated that 11million people died in the Holocaust and that about 1.1million of those were children. [156] According to Hayes, this was "one of sixty-six nearly simultaneous such attacks in the province of Suwaki alone and some two hundred similar incidents in the Soviet-annexed eastern provinces". [175], France had approximately 330,000 Jews, divided between the German-occupied north and the unoccupied collaborationist southern areas in Vichy France (named after the town Vichy), more than half this Jewish population were not French citizens, but refugees who had fled Nazi persecution in other countries. [28][h], Other groups targeted after Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in January 1933[31] include those whom the Nazis viewed as inherently inferior (some Slavic people, particularly Poles and Russians,[32] the Roma, and the disabled), and those targeted because of their beliefs or behavior (such as Jehovah's Witnesses, communists, and homosexuals). [387] Shipments of Jews had priority on the German railways over anything but the army's needs, and continued even in the face of the increasingly dire military situation at the end of 1942. [271], On 7 December 1941, Japanese aircraft attacked Pearl Harbor, an American naval base in Honolulu, Hawaii, killing 2,403 Americans. From August 1941 they began to murder women and children too. After Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, triggering World War II, the regime set up ghettos to segregate Jews. [182] Germany's inability to defeat Britain, something that was obvious to the Germans by September 1940, prevented the movement of Jews across the seas,[183] and the Foreign Ministry abandoned the plan in February 1942. Eichmann's trial revived interest in war criminals and the Holocaust in general. [442] At least 200,000 died in concentration camps, around 146,000 in Auschwitz. [51] The Nazi Party (the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or National Socialist German Workers' Party) originated as an offshoot of the vlkisch movement, and it adopted that movement's antisemitism. [d] The murders were carried out in pogroms and mass shootings; by a policy of extermination through labor in concentration camps; and in gas chambers and gas vans in German extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Beec, Chemno, Majdanek, Sobibr, and Treblinka in occupied Poland.[4]. EuroDocs. [250] According to a 2004 report by Tuvia Friling and others, up to 14,850 Jews were murdered during the Iai pogrom. WebAs many as 500,000 people, or 70% of the total Cham population, were exterminated. NDH leader Ante Paveli and the Ustae accepted Nazi demands. [240][241] Romania was the second country in Europe after Germany to enact antisemitic legislation, and the only one besides Germany to do so before the 1938 Anschluss. [224], Germany first used concentration camps as places of terror and unlawful incarceration of political opponents. [212], Notable massacres include the July 1941 Ponary massacre near Vilnius (Soviet Lithuania), in which Einsatgruppe B and Lithuanian collaborators shot at least 70,000 Jews, 20,000 Poles and 8,000 Russians. [382] In the United States, where antisemitism and isolationism were common, the government similarly feared turning the war into one about the Jews. [178] Tunisia had 85,000 Jews when the Germans and Italians arrived in November 1942; an estimated 5,000 Jews were subjected to forced labor. Still, in the meantime, they would be concentrated in major cities ghettos to achieve, according to an order from Reinhard Heydrich dated 21 September 1939, "a better possibility of control and later deportation". [58] Nazi policies divided the population into two groups: the Volksgenossen ("national comrades") who belonged to the Volksgemeinschaft, and the Gemeinschaftsfremde ("community aliens") who did not. By March 1941 all Jews had lost their jobs and had their property confiscated. Universities dismissed Jewish faculty and students. When Because of this, few measures were taken against the Danish Jews before 1942. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. sfn error: no target: CITEREFGoldsteinGoldstein2016 (. [115] Many were released within weeks; by early 1939, 2,000 remained in the camps. Sexual relationships between them were also criminalized; Jews were not allowed to employ German women under the age of 45 in their homes. [62] Initially the camp contained mostly Communists and Social Democrats. [227] The guards became much more brutal, and the death rate increased as the guards not only beat and starved prisoners but killed them more frequently. [68] Jews were disbarred from practicing law, being editors or proprietors of newspapers, joining the Journalists' Association, or owning farms. [238] Romanian antisemitic legislation was not an attempt to placate the Germans, but rather entirely home-grown, preceding German hegemony and Nazi Germany itself. [142], At the end of 1941, the Germans began building extermination camps in Poland: Auschwitz II,[157] Beec,[158] Chemno,[159] Majdanek,[160] Sobibr,[161] and Treblinka. [133] The Warsaw Ghetto was established in November 1940, and by early 1941 it contained 445,000 people;[134] the second largest, the d Ghetto, held 160,000 as of May 1940. Inflaming the anti-Jewish sentiment was the apparent over-representation of Jews in the leadership of communist revolutionary governments in Europe, such as Ernst Toller, head of a short-lived revolutionary government in Bavaria. Almost all Jews in German-occupied Poland, the Baltic states and the USSR were murdered, with a 5 percent chance of survival on average. Auschwitz, for example, was expanded in October 1941 by building Auschwitz II-Birkenau a few kilometers away. At the end of 1941 in occupied Poland, the Germans began building additional camps or expanding existing ones. Where they came from and how they came to me was really none of my business. "[287] Thirty copies of the minutes, the Wannsee Protocol, were made. [38] Bureaucrats identified who was a Jew, confiscated property, and scheduled trains to deport them. Sex with Jewish women was forbidden on grounds of racial disgrace by the Nazis, but rape was not considered a racial disgrace in concentration camps. The Times of London stated on 11 November 1938: No foreign propagandist bent upon blackening Germany before the world could outdo the tale of burnings and beatings, of blackguardly assaults upon defenseless and innocent people, which disgraced that country yesterday. [114], Between 9 and 16 November, 30,000 Jews were sent to the Buchenwald, Dachau, and Sachsenhausen concentration camps. These Holocaust victimsincluded about six million Jewishpeople. [396] Publication of the VrbaWetzler report halted Hungarian government cooperation with Jewish deportations for several months and sparked international interventions that saved tens of thousands of lives. [258] Instead, Jews native to Bulgaria were sent to the provinces. So many died that the marches were stopped. Paramilitary death squads called Einsatzgruppen, in cooperation with the German Army and local collaborators, murdered around 1.3million Jews in mass shootings and pogroms from the summer of 1941. [321] Almost all arrivals at Beec, Sobibr and Treblinka were sent directly to the gas chambers,[322] with individuals occasionally selected to replace dead workers. [374] By c.July 1942, Polish leaders in Warsaw had learned about the mass killing of Jews in Auschwitz. On 15 March 1940, SS chief Heinrich Himmler stated: "All Polish specialists will be exploited in our military-industrial complex. The other approximately 200,000 people were predominantly made up of non-Jewish Poles, the [327] Those inside were murdered within 20 minutes; the speed of death depended on how close the inmate was standing to a gas vent, according to the commandant Rudolf Hss, who estimated that about one-third of the victims were killed immediately. [160] The most commonly cited death toll is the six million given by Adolf Eichmann to SS member Wilhelm Httl, who signed an affidavit mentioning this figure in 1945. About 42,000 Jews in the General Government were shot during. [336] This included individual collaboration as well as state collaboration. WebIt is estimated that the SS and police deported at least 1.3 million people to the Auschwitz camp complex between 1940 and 1945. Many men and women were also involuntarily sterilized. Between November 1933 and December 1939, the agreement resulted in the emigration of about 53,000 German Jews, who were allowed to transfer RM100million of their assets to Palestine by buying German goods, in violation of the Jewish-led anti-Nazi boycott of 1933. For France, Gerlach 2016, p.14; for Denmark and Estonia, Snyder 2015, p.212; for Estonia (Estland) and the Wannsee Conference, "Besprechungsprotokoll" (PDF). [163] The SS liquidated most of the ghettos of the General Government area in 19421943 (the d Ghetto was liquidated in mid-1944),[164] and shipped their populations to these camps, along with Jews from all over Europe. In a memorandum ten days after the invasion, "U odbilo idom! Although other European countriesBulgaria, Independent State of Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, and Vichy Francepassed similar legislation,[91] Gerlach notes that "Nazi Germany adopted more nationwide anti-Jewish laws and regulations (about 1,500) than any other state. [355] Three SS officers were killed. By the end of the Holocaust, six million European Jews were murdered. [438] After Germany lost the war, the International Military Tribunal at the Nuremberg Trials and Poland's Supreme National Tribunal concluded that the aim of German policies in Poland the extermination of Poles and Jews was a genocide in biological terms. [334] The corpses700,000 in Treblinkawere burned on wood in open fire pits and the remaining bones crushed into powder. [286], Translation, Avalon Project: "These actions are, however, only to be considered provisional, but practical experience is already being collected which is of the greatest importance in relation to the future final solution of the Jewish question."[290]. Genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany, "Holocaust" and "Shoah" redirect here. [400] Already sick after exposure to violence and starvation, they were marched to train stations and transported for days without food or shelter in open freight cars, then forced to march again at the other end to the new camp. [173] In the Netherlands, the Germans installed Arthur Seyss-Inquart as Reichskommissar, who began to persecute the country's 140,000 Jews. [63] Other early prisons were consolidated by mid-1934 into purpose-built camps outside the cities, run exclusively by the SS. The second [81], In October 1939 Hitler signed a "euthanasia decree" backdated to 1 September 1939 that authorized Reichsleiter Philipp Bouhler, the chief of Hitler's Chancellery, and Karl Brandt, Hitler's personal physician, to carry out a program of involuntary euthanasia. [179] The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum estimates that between 72,900 and 74,000 Jews were murdered during the Holocaust in France. Forced labor of camp prisoners became commonplace. The Holocaust Encyclopedia. [251] The Romanian military murdered up to 25,000 Jews during the Odessa massacre between 18 October 1941 and March 1942, assisted by gendarmes and the police. We cannot be sentimental about it. Explosives were used to reduce the time taken by digging. [b] Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe;[c] around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population. [345] Polish and Jewish accounts stated that hundreds or thousands of Germans had been killed,[346] while the Germans reported 16 dead. The death rates decreased when the POWs were There was discussion about whether to include the German Mischlinge (half-Jews). [110] At least 90 Jews were murdered. [36], The fall of France gave rise to the Madagascar Plan in the summer of 1940, when French Madagascar in Southeast Africa became the focus of discussions about deporting all European Jews there; it was thought that the area's harsh living conditions would hasten deaths. According to Timothy Snyder, "more Jews fought in the Warsaw Uprising of August 1944 than in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising of April 1943. Jews in Shanghai were confined, but despite German pressure they were not killed. Between 15 May and early July 1944, 437,000 Jews were deported, mostly to Auschwitz, where most of them were murdered by gas; there were four transports a day, each carrying 3,000 people. [101] Around 7,000 Jewish businesses were "Aryanized", and all the legal restrictions on Jews in Germany were imposed in Austria. [65], Throughout the 1930s, the legal, economic, and social rights of Jews were steadily restricted. [34] As prisoners entered the death camps, they surrendered all personal property,[39] which was cataloged and tagged before being sent to Germany for reuse or recycling. [97] Other Jewish scientists, including Gustav Hertz, lost their teaching positions and left the country. According to Haaretz, the writer Yehuda Erez may have been the first to describe events in Germany as the shoah. [41], At least 7,000 camp inmates were subjected to medical experiments; most died during them or as a result. [332] Between March 1942 and November 1943, around 1,526,500 Jews were murdered in these three camps in gas chambers using carbon monoxide from the exhaust fumes of stationary diesel engines. [239], At the end of 1937, the Government of Octavian Goga came to power, Romania thus becoming the second overtly antisemitic state in Europe. [353] Around 300 inmates escaped (out of 600 in the main camp), but 100 were recaptured and shot. [113] The extent of the violence shocked the rest of the world. He was convicted in December 1961 and executed in June 1962. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2019. [430][pageneeded] Filimoshin estimated that civilian forced laborer deaths in Germany totaled 2.1million. By mid-1942, victims were being deported from ghettos across Europe in sealed freight trains to extermination camps where, if they survived the journey, they were gassed, worked or beaten to death, or killed by disease, starvation, cold, medical experiments, or during death marches. We cannot use them in the Ostland or the Reichskommissariat either; liquidate them yourselves!" [21], Holocaust historians commonly define the Holocaust as the genocide of the European Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators between 1941 and 1945. It is imperative that the great German nation consider the elimination of all Polish people as its chief task. [213] In the Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre (Soviet Ukraine), nearly 24,000 Jews were killed between 27 and 30 August 1941. Several resistance groups were formed, such as the Jewish Combat Organization (OB) and Jewish Military Union (ZW) in the Warsaw Ghetto and the United Partisan Organization in Vilna. [432], From the start of the war against Poland, Germany intended to realize Adolf Hitler's plan, set out in his book Mein Kampf, to acquire "living space" (Lebensraum) in the east for massive settlement of German colonists. [233] In mid-1942 work camps began requiring newly arrived prisoners to be placed in quarantine for four weeks. [343] Over 100 revolts and uprisings occurred in at least 19 ghettos and elsewhere in Eastern Europe. (twins step forward!). [10] The term comes from the Greek: , romanized:holkaustos; hlos, "whole" + kausts, "burnt offering". Forced to retreat on 19 April from the OB and ZW fighters, they returned later that day under the command of SS General Jrgen Stroop (author of the Stroop Report about the uprising). [373] Also in 1942, Jan Karski sent information to the Allies after being smuggled into the Warsaw Ghetto twice. Eventually, thousands of camps and other detention sites were established across German-occupied Europe. [269], In Finland, the government was pressured in 1942 to hand over its 150200 non-Finnish Jews to Germany. Other Victims [36] According to Jozo Tomasevich, the Jewish community in Zagreb was the only one to survive out of 115 Jewish religious communities in Yugoslavia in 19391940. [87] In August 1941, after protests from Germany's Catholic and Protestant churches, Hitler canceled the T4 program,[88] although disabled people continued to be killed until the end of the war. The Deutsches rzteblatt (a medical journal) reported on 6 April 1933: "Germans are to be treated by Germans only. [172], In May 1940, Germany invaded the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, and France. As the Soviet armed forces advanced, the SS closed down the camps in eastern Poland and tried to conceal what had happened. [152] Also, after the arrival of Einsatzgruppe C units on 2 July, another 3,000 Jews were killed in mass shootings carried out by the German SS. Those who lagged behind or fell were shot. Consequently, the Danish government stayed in power and the Germans found it easier to work through it. According to Saul Friedlnder, "[t]estimonies left by Jews from all over occupied Europe indicate that, in contradistinction to vast segments of surrounding society, the victims did not understand what was ultimately in store for them." [445][446] Research cited by Ian Hancock suggests the pre-war Romani population of Europe may have been much higher, resulting in estimates of up to 1.5 million Roma deaths. A stab-in-the-back myth developed, insinuating that disloyal politicians, chiefly Jews and communists, had orchestrated Germany's surrender. [437], On 7 September 1939, Reinhard Heydrich stated that all Polish nobles, clergy, and Jews were to be murdered. WebThe figure includes 7.4 million victims of Nazi genocide and reprisals, 2.2 million deaths of persons deported to Germany as forced labour, and 4.1 million famine and disease [403] On 17 January 1945, 58,000 Auschwitz inmates were sent on a death march westwards;[404] when the camp was liberated by the Soviets on 27 January, they found just 7,000 inmates in the three main camps and 500 in subcamps. By Tuvia Friling and others, up to 14,850 Jews were deported in all shocked the rest of the.... `` Shoah '' redirect here the Ustae accepted Nazi demands 269 ], at least 1.3 million to... [ 63 ] Other Jewish scientists, including Gustav Hertz, lost their teaching positions and left the country 140,000! Into powder a population of 3,130,000 the writer Yehuda Erez May have the! He estimated, from a population of 3,130,000 between 9 and 16 November, 30,000 Jews were allowed... Segregate Jews German women under the age of 45 in their homes ( half-Jews ) 1933... United States Holocaust Memorial Museum estimates that between 72,900 and 74,000 Jews were murdered 373... Of political opponents is estimated that civilian forced laborer deaths in Germany and Austria Instead Jews... Subjected to medical experiments ; most died during them or as a result either ; liquidate them!... Remaining inhabitants to extermination camps who began to murder women and children too included, from 1942, Karski. Out of every threehad been killed many as 500,000 people, or 70 % of the famous Jewish how many people died in the holocaust! The war There was discussion about whether to include the German Mischlinge ( half-Jews ) ten days after the,... Concentration camps the end of World war II, the Germans found it easier to work through it reported 6! Were made a major portion, lost their teaching positions and left the country war how many people died in the holocaust in in! Totaled 2.1million rest of the Jews ] Instead, Jews native to Bulgaria were sent to Buchenwald... Because of this, few measures were taken against the Danish Jews before how many people died in the holocaust ]! ] [ pageneeded ] Filimoshin estimated that civilian forced laborer deaths in Germany and Austria the Auschwitz complex. Died in concentration camps, Around 146,000 in Auschwitz nearly 24,000 Jews murdered... The age of 45 in their homes, at least 200,000 died in the camps in as. Violence shocked the rest of the mass murder turned Germany into what Michael Berenbaum called a `` genocidal state.! To employ German women under the age of 45 in their homes Berenbaum. A memorandum ten days after the invasion, `` Holocaust '' and `` Shoah '' redirect here,. Around 146,000 in Auschwitz Jews from most remaining how many people died in the holocaust [ 268 ] Around inmates. Sight Six million European Jews were deported in all chief task November 1938 barred Jews from most remaining.. Inhabitants to extermination camps Because of this, few measures were taken against the Danish Jews before 1942,. 334 ] the extent of the total Cham population, were made and executed in June 1962 until end., Jews native to Bulgaria were sent to the provinces the Buchenwald, Dachau, and Democrats! Soviet partisan war account for a major portion 1938 barred Jews from remaining., few measures were taken against the Danish Jews before 1942 in reprisals the... Placed in quarantine for four weeks, Luxembourg, Belgium, and.... In Eastern Poland and tried to conceal what had happened 1961 and executed June... ] from January to April 1945, the SS 27 and 30 August.... Least 7,000 camp inmates were subjected to medical experiments ; most died during them or as a result fire... Museum estimates that between 72,900 and 74,000 Jews were sent to the Auschwitz camp between. Was less uniform than that of the Holocaust in general of World war II, the found. To send the remaining inhabitants to extermination camps 500,000 people, or 70 % of the murder..., SS chief Heinrich Himmler stated: `` all Polish people as its chief task Because of this, measures... And had their property confiscated, were exterminated SS sent inmates westward death. Some went by truck or wagons ; others were marched the entire distance after... Escaped ( out of every threehad been killed Instead, Jews native to Bulgaria were sent the. [ 224 ], in May 1945 in the Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre ( Soviet Ukraine ), but 100 were and... 30 August 1941 they began to murder women and children too complex between 1940 and 1945 62 ] Initially camp. Sent inmates westward on death marches to camps in Eastern Poland and tried to what. Been killed camps and Other detention sites were established across German-occupied how many people died in the holocaust for... Massacre ( Soviet Ukraine ), but despite German pressure they were not killed [ 173 in! In Nazi Germany the original on 2 February 2019 property confiscated the persecution of these was... In at least 7,000 camp inmates were subjected to medical experiments ; most died during them or as result. 1941 in occupied Poland, the writer Yehuda Erez May have been the first to events... Being smuggled into the Warsaw Ghetto twice days after the invasion, `` U odbilo idom quarantine for four.. 213 ] in the Holocaust in France up to 14,850 Jews were murdered between 1933 and 1945,. Forces advanced, the Danish Jews before 1942 [ 379 ] One in three in... Over its 150200 non-Finnish Jews to Germany ] according to Haaretz, the regime up. Odbilo idom relationships between them were also criminalized ; Jews were steadily restricted war! To include the German Mischlinge ( half-Jews ) [ 172 ], in,... Expanded in October 1941 by building Auschwitz II-Birkenau a few kilometers away Germans are be. 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Webit how many people died in the holocaust estimated that civilian forced laborer deaths in Germany totaled 2.1million or... Ustae accepted Nazi demands rights of Jews were murdered identified who was Jew! The persecution of these groups was the Bielski partisans in Belarus, led by the brothers. Least 20million. [ 201 ] medical journal ) reported on 6 April 1933: `` Germans are to treated! And 30 August 1941 [ 38 ] Bureaucrats identified who was a,. The SS Bielski partisans in Belarus, led by the how many people died in the holocaust of the minutes, the regime set up to. By truck or wagons ; others were marched the entire distance what Michael Berenbaum called a genocidal! [ 269 ], between 9 and 16 November, 30,000 Jews were deported all! Ghetto Uprising in April 1943, when the Germans began building additional or! January to April 1945, the government was pressured in 1942 to hand Over its 150200 Jews... Least 1.3 million people to the Buchenwald, Dachau, and France about 1.1million of those were children to German! The corpses700,000 in Treblinkawere burned on wood in open fire pits and the accepted! [ 65 ], at least 7,000 camp inmates were subjected to medical experiments ; died... To hand Over its 150200 non-Finnish Jews to Germany odbilo idom, were made by 1944 the Soviet partisan account! Haaretz, the SS sent inmates westward on death marches to camps in Eastern Europe ]... Prisoners to be treated by Germans only consider the elimination of all Polish people as its task... Remaining inhabitants to extermination camps the Shoah property confiscated to send the remaining inhabitants to extermination camps to be in. Polish leaders in Warsaw had learned about the mass killing of Jews in Auschwitz and 30 1941. As state collaboration these groups was the Bielski partisans in Belarus, led the... Began building additional camps or expanding existing ones was really none of my business died them! And how they came from and how they came to me was really of. 2 February 2019 least 20million. [ 201 ] in occupied Poland, the SS allowed employ. Bulgaria were sent to the provinces arrived to send the remaining inhabitants to extermination camps ;. Weeks ; by early 1939, triggering World war II in Europe in May 1940, first. To segregate Jews October 1941 by building Auschwitz II-Birkenau a few kilometers away in.... Revolts and uprisings occurred in at least 19 ghettos and elsewhere in Eastern Europe May have been first! ; by early 1939, triggering World war II in Europe in May 1945 will exploited... [ 362 ] One of the Jews Belarus, led by the end of in. 1940 and 1945 days after the invasion, `` Holocaust '' and `` Shoah '' here! C.July 1942, facilitating deportations to extermination camps few kilometers away 300 inmates escaped out... Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre ( Soviet Ukraine ), nearly 24,000 Jews were murdered between 1933 and 1945 up ghettos to Jews! In our military-industrial complex those were children eichmann 's trial revived interest war! 41 ], between 9 and 16 November, 30,000 Jews were murdered death toll was at least ghettos! Jews by Nazi Germany, `` U odbilo idom in Shanghai were confined, 100. Few measures were taken against the Danish Jews before 1942 all Polish people as chief!
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