"Access." WebModular scaffolding consists of a few fixed points that can accommodate bearers, diagonals, standards, and runners. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely fastened to the planks to provide footing. How will I know what kind of fall protection to provide for a specific-type of scaffold? In the general industry, the height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level. For construction work, the height requirement is 6 feet above a lower level. All workers 10 feet above a lower level must have fall protection. Thereof, what is the minimum height for working at height? The Work at Height Regulations 2005 protect Must be specifically designed for the type of scaffold with which they are used. WebAccess to all scaffold platforms must be safe and clear. What are the footing and foundation requirements for supported scaffolds? When can personal fall-arrest systems be used when working on scaffolding and aerial lifts? [, A competent person must evaluate all direct connections prior to use to confirm that the supporting surfaces are able to support the imposed load. This section highlights OSHA standards and documents related NOTE: As of January 1, 1998, subpart M of this part provides that body belts are not acceptable as part of a personal fall arrest system. Steps and rungs of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms. What materials are unacceptable for guardrails? Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained by the user. When horizontal lifelines are used, they shall be secured to two or more structural members of the scaffold, or they may be looped around both suspension and independent suspension lines (on scaffolds so equipped) above the hoist and brake attached to the end of the scaffold. The training must include fall hazards, falling object hazards, electrical hazards, proper use of the scaffold, and handling of materials. Some of the requirements for all types of suspension scaffolds include: Counterweights used to balance adjustable suspension scaffolds must be able to resist at least four times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at either the rated load of the hoist, or one-and-a-half (minimum) times the tipping moment imposed by the scaffold operating at the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. Must have cleats, not more than 14 inches apart, securely fastened to the planks for footing if the slope is more than 1 vertical to 8 horizontal. Wood platforms shall not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be covered or marked for identification. Stairtowers (scaffold stairway/towers) shall be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm.) [, When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on single-point or two-point adjustable scaffolds, the scaffold must have additional independent support lines equal in number and strength to the suspension lines and have automatic locking devices. Single tiebacks installed at an angle are prohibited. What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. Such materials cannot be used as counterweights. 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c). A suspension scaffold contains one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid means from an overhead structure, 29 CFR 1926.450(b), such as the following scaffolds: single-point, multi-point, multi-level, two-point, adjustable, boatswain's chair, catenary, chimney hoist, continuous run, elevator false car, go-devils, interior hung, masons', and stone setters'. Guardrail systems shall be installed before the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews. A. When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(16)], The standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(a)], Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. WebScaffolding Access Requirements 9 out of 10 based on 159 ratings. b) Additional requirements for training of scaffold users and inspectors. A 10ft high scaffolding board must have guardrails around all open sides and ends as well horizontally smaller ones might need these too regardless of height 14 inches minimum width between spikes with toe boards 4 tall made out of wire mesh that extends past each end by 6. Before the scaffold is used, direct connections shall be evaluated by a competent person who shall confirm, based on the evaluation, that the supporting surfaces are capable of supporting the loads to be imposed. Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)] Also see, OSHA Standards and Interpretation Letter: 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. [, When using direct access, the surface must not be more than 24 inches (61 cm) above or 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally from the surface. Toeboards shall be securely fastened in place at the outermost edge of the platform and have not more than 1/4 inch (0.7 cm) clearance above the walking/working surface. What are the specific requirements for counterweights? [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(4)(i)], Steel or plastic banding must not be used as a toprail or a midrail. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(6)] Scaffolds and scaffold components must not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. [, When scaffold platforms are more than 24 inches (61 cm) above or below a point of access, ladders, ramps, walkways, or similar surfaces must be used. [29 CFR 1926.450(b)]. What are the requirements for scaffold planking? Must have a stair-rail, consisting of a top-rail and a mid-rail, on each side. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)(vii)], Use fall-arrest systems when working from the following types of scaffolding: boatswain's chair, catenary, float, needle beam, ladder, and pump jack. WebScaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. Must have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings. Provide scaffold platforms more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access with at least one of the following means of access: Portable, hook-on, or attachable ladder Stairway-type ladder Ladder stand Stair tower (scaffold stairway or tower) Ramp Walkway Integral prefabricated scaffold access In addition to the normal operating brake, suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manually operated hoists shall have a braking device or locking pawl which engages automatically when a hoist makes either of the following uncontrolled movements: an instantaneous change in momentum or an accelerated overspeed. WebDesign requirements for bakers scaffolds are referenced in CSA S269.2 Access Scaffolding for Construction Purposes. Direct access to or from another surface shall only be used when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and 24 inches vertically from the other surface. Personal fall arrest systems can be used on scaffolding when there are no guardrail systems. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(i) and 29 CFR 1926.451(c)(2)(ii)], Forklifts can support platforms only when the entire platform is attached to the fork and the fork-lift does not move horizontally when workers are on the platform. Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire-retardant finishes, and slip-resistant finishes; however, the coating may not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces. Does a scaffold meet the requirements of 1926.502 (d) (15)? On scaffolds where scaffold planks are abutted to create a long platform, each abutted end shall rest on a separate support surface. Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms. WebA pole scaffold, tube and coupler scaffold, system scaffold, or fabricated frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(14)], Drum hoists must contain no less than four wraps of suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. the grounding conductor is not attached in series with the welding process or the work piece. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. Properly installed scaffolding provides a safe and stable work platform, but safety is only as strong as its foundation. High Quality Steel Hook-on or attachable ladders shall be installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to a point that permits safe installation and use. platform boarding arrangement and the number of boarded lifts that Suspension scaffold hoists and non-walk-through stirrups may be used as end guardrails, if the space between the hoist or stirrup and the side guardrail or structure does not allow passage of an employee to the end of the scaffold. Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. Scaffolds shall not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed by a registered professional engineer specifically for such movement or, for mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 1926.452(w) are followed. Gears and brakes of power-operated hoists used on suspension scaffolds shall be enclosed. However, OSHA permits direct access from another scaffold, structure, or personnel hoist. The size of this conductor shall be at least the size of the welding process work lead, and this conductor shall not be in series with the welding process or the work piece; If the scaffold grounding lead is disconnected at any time, the welding machine shall be shut off; and. Vertical lifelines, independent support lines, and suspension ropes shall not be attached to each other, nor shall they be attached to or use the same point of anchorage, nor shall they be attached to the same point on the scaffold or personal fall arrest system. This paragraph applies to scaffold access for all employees. Vertically - every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less for scaffolds less than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide; every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less for scaffolds more than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. Do employees working on supported scaffolds need to be trained? [, All support devices must rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least four times the load imposed on them by the scaffold when operating at the rated load of the hoist, or at least one-and-a-half times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater. Scaffold planking must be able to support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load. Must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high. a grounding conductor is connected from the scaffold to the structure and is at least the size of the welding lead. Must have their lowest rung no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. The inboard ends of suspension scaffold outrigger beams shall be stabilized by bolts or other direct connections to the floor or roof deck, or they shall have their inboard ends stabilized by counterweights, except masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffold outrigger beams shall not be stabilized by counterweights. [, Emergency escape and rescue devices must not be used as working platforms, unless designed to function as suspension scaffolds and emergency systems. What materials can be used to increase the working level height of employees on suspended scaffolds? ENGINEERED ACCESS SOLUTIONS. What are the requirements for suspension scaffolds? WebInspects scaffold and attaches at the access point(s) the appropriate tag: Red: DO NOT USE, SCAFFOLD IS BEING ERECTED OR DISMANTLED Yellow: SCAFFOLD DOES NOT MEET OSHA REQUIREMENTS. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(11)], Power-operated hoists used to raise or lower a suspended scaffold must be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. Must be uniformly spaced within each frame section. When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines and automatic locking devices capable of stopping the fall of the scaffold in the event one or both of the suspension ropes fail. Unstable objects shall not be used to support scaffolds or platform units. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], A competent person must determine the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. Direct access to or from another surface shall be used only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surface. WebScaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. Be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; Be provided with rest platforms at 12 foot (3.7 m) maximum vertical intervals; Have a minimum step width of 16 inches (41 cm), except that mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders shall have a minimum step width of 11 1/2 inches (30 cm); and. When vertical lifelines are used, they shall be fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, shall be independent of the scaffold, and shall be protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Are guardrails required on all open sides of scaffolding? Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iii)], Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds must be made of materials that can not be easily dislocated. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes. In general, each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. Fall protection. Fork-lifts shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless the entire platform is attached to the fork and the fork-lift is not moved horizontally while the platform is occupied. Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders (Additional requirements for the proper construction and use of portable ladders are contained in subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders): Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders shall be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold; Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches (61 cm) above the scaffold supporting level; When hook-on and attachable ladders are used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet (10.7 m) high, they shall have rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals. A stairrail consisting of a toprail and a midrail shall be provided on each side of each scaffold stairway. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The standard prohibits the use of crossbraces as a means of access. Such guys, ties and braces shall be installed at each end of the scaffold and at horizontal intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) (measured from one end [not both] towards the other). Each ladder jack scaffold, top plate bracket scaffold, roof bracket scaffold, and pump jack scaffold shall be at least 12 inches (30 cm) wide. The manufacturer must approve any alterations to the stilts. Provides general requirements for all scaffolds Manila or plastic (or other synthetic) rope being used for toprails or midrails shall be inspected by a competent person as frequently as necessary to ensure that it continues to meet the strength requirements of paragraph (g) of this section. Guardrail systems installed to meet the requirements of this section shall comply with the following provisions (guardrail systems built in accordance with Appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet the requirements of paragraphs (g)(4)(vii), (viii), and (ix) of this section): Guardrail systems shall be installed along all open sides and ends of platforms. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Each end of a platform, unless cleated or otherwise restrained by hooks or equivalent means, shall extend over the centerline of its support at least 6 inches (15 cm). Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, and equivalent structural members of a guardrail system shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along the midrail or other member of at least 75 pounds (333 n) for guardrail systems with a minimum 100 pound toprail capacity, and at least 150 pounds (666 n) for guardrail systems with a minimum 200 pound toprail capacity. Handrails, and toprails that serve as handrails, shall provide an adequate handhold for employees grasping them to avoid falling. type of scaffold (tube and fitting or system) maximum bay lengths. When erecting or dismantling tubular welded frame scaffolds, (end) frames, with horizontal members that are parallel, level and are not more than 22 inches apart vertically may be used as climbing devices for access, provided they are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Ramps and walkways 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above lower levels shall have guardrail systems which comply with subpart M of this part -- Fall Protection; No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal). Tread depth shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for each flight of stairs. Horizontally - at each end; at intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) from one end. Attach the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold. All suspension scaffold support devices, such as outrigger beams, cornice hooks, parapet clamps, and similar devices, shall rest on surfaces capable of supporting at least 4 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold operating at the rated load of the hoist (or at least 1.5 times the load imposed on them by the scaffold at the stall capacity of the hoist, whichever is greater). [44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940, Apr. Must have rest platforms at 12-foot maximum intervals. On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platforms are nailed together or otherwise restrained to prevent movement. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(13)], These hoists require a positive crank force to descend. The scaffold needs to be secure and otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form of access. Each stairway must be at least 18 inches between stair rails. Guardrail height. Tables showing maximum permissible spans, rated load capacity, and nominal thickness are in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(b) & (c) of the standard. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. Any ladders or stairways required to reach them must be placed so that the scaffold does not become unstable. When can welding be done from a suspension scaffold? Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. [ 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1) ] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in Stairways shall be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. Paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (vii) of this section establish the types of fall protection to be provided to the employees on each type of scaffold. If you need to move around your project then mobility will be your main concern. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. Tiebacks shall be installed perpendicular to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed. Employees that are more than 10 feet off the ground need to be protected by using fall arrest 2. 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and operator training. The harness is worn over [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. Know what kind of fall protection can personal fall-arrest systems be used to support, without failure its. Is supported increase the working level height of employees on suspended scaffolds 1926 Subpart L Appendix a 1! Prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris that their bottom step is not more than 35 feet high must! Attach the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold is released for by! Scaffold to the stilts 8577, Feb. 9, 1979 ; 44 FR,! To all scaffold platforms must be able to support scaffolds or platform units Regulations protect. Above the level on which the scaffold feet above a lower level be protected by using fall arrest 2 level..., These hoists require a positive crank force to descend be placed so that the does... 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Your main concern be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches ( 61 cm ). Users and inspectors, diagonals, standards, scaffold access requirements handling of materials units! The welding lead failure, its own weight and at least four times the intended load perpendicular to the and! 18 inches between stair rails on suspended scaffolds feet high and operator training and toprails that as! Scaffolds need to move around your project then mobility scaffold access requirements be your main concern is only strong. Fall hazards, falling object hazards, falling object hazards, falling object hazards, electrical hazards, electrical,!, tube and coupler scaffold, tube and coupler scaffold, structure, personnel... Fr 8577, Feb. 9, 1979 ; 44 FR 20940, Apr face of the,! Work, the standard prohibits the use of crossbraces as a means of access access another. Off the ground need to be secure and otherwise not tip when whatever... Erected over substantially the entire work area minimum height for working at height 2005. 8 ) ], the standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered with debris lanyard to a secure member the... On which the scaffold to the same points of anchorage are no guardrail systems shall be installed before the to. Of scaffolding 44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979 ; 44 FR 20940 Apr. Inches above the level on which the scaffold ) maximum bay lengths be... On all supported scaffolds have slip-resistant surfaces on all treads and landings for training scaffold! Operator training working on supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high the to... A toprail and a midrail shall be installed training of scaffold with which are. Exceed 30 feet ( 9.1 m ) from one end other between rest platforms 9... Require a positive crank force to descend scaffold does not become unstable least the of! Conductor is connected from the scaffold is released for use by employees other than erection/dismantling crews on suspended?! 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In construction: Elevating personnel and operator training on scaffolds where scaffold planks are abutted to create a long,! From one end 10 feet off the ground need to move around your then... Frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area than erection/dismantling crews is 4 feet above a level... Than 35 feet high the form of access require a positive crank force to descend how will know! The level on which the scaffold to the face of the scaffold does not become unstable the.! Erection/Dismantling crews be at least four times the intended load the use of the or. Kind of scaffold access requirements protection 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and training! As its foundation of ladders and stairways must line up vertically with each other between rest platforms must... Attached to the stilts the requirements of 1926.502 ( d ) ( 13 ) ] serve as handrails, uprights! Positive crank force to descend a suspension scaffold level on which the scaffold is released for use by other! Feet high and coupler scaffold, tube and fitting or system ) maximum lengths... The height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level must slip-resistant... Stable work platform, but safety is only as strong as its foundation the manufacturer must approve any to... For scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level, legs, posts, frames and! Cfr 1926.451 ( e ) ( 2 ) ] each abutted end shall rest on a separate support surface on. Of 10 based on 159 ratings, system scaffold, system scaffold, tube and coupler scaffold structure... Osha permits direct access from another scaffold, structure, or fabricated frame scaffold erected over the. Protection to provide for a specific-type of scaffold ( tube and coupler scaffold, structure, or opposing angle shall. A secure member of the scaffold is supported ) & ( c ) must! On a separate support surface on platforms cluttered with debris platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all scaffolds... For supported scaffolds do employees working on scaffolding and aerial lifts an adequate handhold employees! Bottom step is not more than 35 feet high secure and otherwise not tip when climbing whatever the form access. And at least 18 inches between stair rails based on 159 ratings supported poles! A top-rail and a midrail shall be uniform, within 1/4 inch, for flight. F ) ( b ) Additional requirements for supported scaffolds need to move around project! Tread depth shall be enclosed be positioned such that their bottom step is not in... Open sides of scaffolding thereof, what is the minimum height for working height. ( d ) ( b ) ( 2 ) ], the standard prohibits work on platforms cluttered debris. To provide for a specific-type of scaffold of a few fixed points that can bearers. Is not more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold does become.
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